任务：编写底层逻辑，增加一些有用的工具类

1.新增单例模式单例类模板，可以广泛用在同时间只有一个存在在场景中的各种管理器
2.新增事件框架
3.新增状态模式的状态类和状态管理员类的类模板
4.新增进入式触发器
5.新增互动式触发器（涉及玩家类的更改，暂缓）
*.以上均为底层代码，目前无法测试，如果发现问题请联系开发者，如无必要，请勿修改

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Assets/Scripts/勍/EntryTrigger.cs

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+using System.Collections;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using UnityEngine;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// 进入式触发器的基类，继承自事件,每一个进入式触发器都必须继承这个类
+/// </summary>
+public class EntryTrigger : Event
+{
+    private Collider2D m_collider;
+
+    void Start()
+    {
+        //如果没有挂载碰撞盒，则报错
+        if(!TryGetComponent<Collider2D>(out m_collider))
+        {
+            Debug.LogError(this.GetType() + gameObject.name + "没有挂载碰撞盒，请检查！");
+        }
+        //如果不是触发器，则报错
+        if(!m_collider.isTrigger)
+        {
+            Debug.LogError(this.GetType() + gameObject.name + "碰撞盒没有设置为触发器，请检查！");
+        }
+    }
+
+    virtual public void OnTriggerEnter2D(Collider2D other)
+    {
+        //如果玩家进入碰撞盒则触发事件
+        if(other.TryGetComponent<Player>(out Player player)) OnCall();
+    }
+}

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Assets/Scripts/勍/Event.cs

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+using System.Collections;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using UnityEngine;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// 事件基类,事件需要继承这个类
+/// </summary>
+public class Event : MonoBehaviour
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 事件触发
+    /// </summary>
+    public virtual void OnCall(){}
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 要手动终止事件的时候调用
+    /// </summary>
+    public virtual void CancleEvent(){ OnCancle(); }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 事件结束时触发
+    /// </summary>
+    protected virtual void OnCancle(){}
+}

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Assets/Scripts/勍/StateBase.cs

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+using System.Collections;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using UnityEngine;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// 状态模式中，单个状态的父类，所有的状态都需要继承自这个类。注意，这里是三级继承关系，这个是最底层的类，再往上是某个具
+/// 体状态体系的父类，继承于这个类，最上层才是要实现功能的具体状态类，继承自中间层，只需要完善虚函数即可
+/// </summary>
+public class StateBase : MonoBehaviour
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 进入状态时调用
+    /// </summary>
+    public virtual void Enter(){}
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 状态结束时调用
+    /// </summary>
+    public virtual void End(){}
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 状态中每一帧调用
+    /// </summary>
+    public virtual void StateUpdate(){}
+}

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Assets/Scripts/勍/StateMachineBase.cs

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+using System.Collections;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using UnityEngine;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// 状态模式的状态管理员基类，每一组状态的管理员都必须继承这个类
+/// </summary>
+public class StateMachineBase : MonoBehaviour
+{
+    protected StateBase currentState;
+    protected bool isBegin = false;
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 改变状态的时候调用
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="newState"></param>
+    public void ChangeState(StateBase newState)
+    {
+        isBegin = false;
+        if (currentState != null)
+        {
+            currentState.End();
+        }
+        currentState = newState;
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// 状态的每一帧调用，需要手动安排到主程序的Update中，切记！
+    /// </summary>
+    public void StateUpdate()
+    {
+        if (currentState != null)
+        {
+            if (!isBegin)
+            {
+                currentState.Enter();
+                isBegin = true;
+            }
+            currentState.StateUpdate();
+        }
+    }
+}

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Assets/Scripts/勍/UnitySingleton.cs

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+using System.Collections;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using UnityEngine;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// 单例模式类模板
+/// </summary>
+public class UnitySingleton<T> : MonoBehaviour
+    where T : Component
+{
+    private static T m_instance;
+
+    public static T Instance
+    {
+        get
+        {
+            if (m_instance == null)
+            {
+                m_instance = FindObjectOfType<T>();
+                if (m_instance == null)
+                {
+                    Debug.LogError("缺少 " + typeof(T) + " 这个单例，没法在场景中找到");
+                }
+            }
+            return m_instance;
+        }
+    }
+
+    protected virtual void Awake()
+    {
+        if (m_instance == null)
+        {
+            m_instance = this as T;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            Destroy(gameObject);
+        }
+    }
+}

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